Transmission of knowledge and social learning for disaster risk reduction and building resilience: A Delphi study

The UN Sendai Framework recognized the need for making our communities safer and more resilient to disasters by shifting policy goals from “managing disasters” disaster risk reduction (DRR) building resilience. For DRR community resilience shocks, this study posits that social learning, a process of mutual development sharing knowledge through iterative reflections on experience, is key changing conventional linear logic-based, reactive framework into one based learning-by-doing (adaptive management). Toward end, three-round Policy Delphi was pursued with combination 18 international SES (social–ecological systems) scholars, practitioners, public officials. Weak frameworks; operational, cultural educational/training silos; domination technical were identified as major challenges in learning transmission. Balancing science, working toward transdisciplinary approaches transformative practices should, therefore, be nurtured.